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hour是小时,hand是手,hour hand 是什么意思?

在科幻惊悚电影《湮灭》中,影后娜塔莉·波特曼和四位不同背景的女志愿队员踏入了神秘的未知区域。


这个区域无法与外界联系,仪器全部失灵,一名队员靠手表和太阳确定了方向,队友问她是怎么做到的,她指着手表说:Hour hand at the sun.


hour是小时,hand是手,那么hour hand是什么意思?


hour hand


hand的基本义 是“手”,大概十六世纪末,衍生出“(钟表的)指针”的含义,与hour相关的那个指针——hour hand——就是“时针”。


举一反三:

minute hand 分针

second hand 秒针



old hand

老手,富有经验的人

someone who is very experienced and skilled in a particular area of activity



old hand 差不多从19世纪40年代就有了“老手”的意思。这里的hand可以指一个人的手工、技能,也可以指从事体力劳动的人。



例句:

He's an old hand at working on cars.

他是修车的老手。


with 25 years on the job, Vinnie was the old hand everyone went to with their problems

维尼从事这项工作25年了,他是每个人遇到问题都去求助的老手。


left-hand

左侧的,左边的


left-hand这个词简单易懂,这里没有什么要特别提醒大家的。但大家可以注意一下这里的连字符—“-”,它是英语中构成复合词的一种常见方法,用它可以把两个或几个词构成复合名词、动词和形容词。这里left-hand便是形容词+名词组成的复合形容词。


例句:

These days, travelers flock here for two main reasons: to see jaw-dropping sunsets and to seek out left-hand surf breaks.

如今,游客蜂拥而至,主要有两个原因:一是为了欣赏令人瞠目结舌的日落,二是为了寻找左侧的冲浪线。

right-hand

右边的,右侧的

例句:

Aston Martin would produce just 75 DB4 GTs, and this is one of just six right-hand-drive examples built on the Lightweight race-specification chassis, according to the listing.

阿斯顿·马丁将只生产75台DB4 GT跑车,根据信息列表,这是基于轻型比赛规格底盘的六款右舵驾驶车型之一。


“左边的/右边的”是left-hand/ right-hand,那“左手的/右手的”应该怎么说?

left-handed

adj.左撇的;用左手的

right-handed

adj.用右手的,惯用右手的

例句:

I batted left-handed and bowled right-handed.

我左手击球,右手投球。


right-hand man

(尤指工作上的)得力助手,左膀右臂

someone who helps and supports you the most, especially at work




多数人认为这个短语来自基督教,因为早期人们绘制的耶稣和上帝的图像中,耶稣一直坐在上帝的右边。



例句:

The 57-year-old Roberts is Self’s right-hand man, having been on Self’s staff at four coaching stops.

57岁的罗伯茨是赛尔夫的得力助手,曾在赛尔夫执教的四届球队中任职。


While every board is different, the chair or CEO usually sits at the head of the table, with their right-hand man or woman literally to their right.

虽然每个董事会都不同,但主席或首席执行官通常坐在桌子正前,他们的得力助手则坐在他们的右边。


a safe pair of hands

信得过的人

someone who you can trust to do an important job well, without making mistakes




这个短语源自板球运动,这是一种以击球、投球和接球为主的运动。参与者分两队,攻方击球,守方接球,守方接住了击球手打出的球,就能防止攻方得分。所以,接球手的双手很关键,如果接球手有“a safe pair of hands”,就能牢牢防止对方得分。

后来,这个短语被用到各种领域,表示“信得过的人”。


例句:

He is seen as a safe pair of hands capable of integrating Credit Suisse and salvaging core parts of its business.

他被视为能够整合瑞信并挽救其核心业务的可靠人选。


hand in glove

密切合作(常指干坏事),相勾结

working together, often to do something dishonest




英国有个博物学家,也是一位教师,他编写的《人类沟通礼貌用语》一书中第一次提到了hand in glove,形容人们用手套遮掩着达成交易,随后就成为了“互相勾结”的专用短语。



例句:

We are working hand in glove with local officials to solve the problem.

我们正与地方官员密切合作解决这个问题。


Candidates and these outside groups are finding ways to skirt the spirit of the law and work hand in glove without necessarily violating the letter of the law.

候选人和这些外部团体正在寻找绕过律法方法,在不违反法律条文的情况下密切合作。


free hand

自由决定权,自主权

the right or authority to do anything you consider necessary




例句:

The Boissonnases gave Breuer, who had just completed the Whitney Museum in New York, an almost free hand.

Boissonnases给了Breuer一个几乎完全自主的机会,Breuer刚刚完成了纽约惠特尼博物馆的建设。


But even though Cleveland waited in the wings, Harrison had a relatively free hand at being president without his rival stealing the limelight every day.

但是,尽管克利夫兰一直在等待,哈里森担任总统时相对自由,他的竞争对手每天都不会抢他的风头。


free hand是名词性短语,如果这里用上连字符,再颠倒一下两个词的位置,就不一样了。

hands-free

adj.免提的;免手持的

例句:

They also found that the group using the hands-free kit made 83% more errors in their tasks than those who were not talking.

他们还发现,使用免提设备的小组在执行任务时比不使用免提设备的小组多犯83%的错误。


glad-hand

(常指出于某种目的)热烈欢迎(或招呼、接待)

to be very friendly to people you have not met before, usually as a way of trying to get an advantage



glad-hand表示为完成某项任务而去与人热情寒暄,一般不是真心实意的热情。


例句:

He'll go into a crowd to glad-hand anyone he can reach.

他会走到人群中去热情友好地跟任何够得着的人握手。


They were hired as team ambassadors, mainly to glad-hand with fans.

他们被聘为球队大使,主要任务是跟球迷热情互动。


hand-me-down

(别人穿过的)旧衣服

a piece of clothing that someone has given to a younger person because they no longer want it



hand down有“把…传下去”的意思,hand-me-down专指别人穿过的旧衣服。


例句:

With just a $40 allowance, residents are dressed in ill-fitting hand-me-downs or hospital gowns that drape open.

只有40美元的津贴,住院医生们穿着不合身的旧衣服或系不上的医师服。


In Tbilisi, Demna wore hand-me-downs and castoffs.

在第比利斯,Demna穿着人家穿过的旧衣服和别人丢的衣服。


hand-to-mouth

仅够糊口,勉强度日

having only just enough money to live




hand-to-mouth源自英国饥荒时期。当时食物太少了,人们找到一点儿食物后,必须马上用手拿着吃掉,因为晚了就会被别人抢走。后来,就用hand-to-mouth表示“仅够糊口”。


例句:

Both dropped out of college and essentially lived hand-to-mouth in order to pursue their musical dreams.

为了追求音乐梦想,两人都从大学辍学,基本上过着勉强糊口的生活。


The pair started their own hand-to-mouth theater company, barely scraping by.

两人创办了自己的剧团,勉强维持生计。


hand-to-hand

近身肉搏的;直接交手的

Hand-to-hand fighting involves people who are very near or touching each other, rather than shooting at each other from a long way away.




hand to hand表示“人与人之间距离很近”,hand-to-hand专指“近身肉搏的,直接交手的”。


例句:

Sawayama learned archery, knife-fighting and hand-to-hand combat for her kickass scenes, which were shot entirely at night over five weeks.

Sawayama为了画面好看学了射箭,刀战和肉搏战,这些场景全是在夜间拍摄的,拍了五个星期。


It has been suggested that when it comes to hand-to-hand fighting, left-handers may have the advantage over the right-handed majority.

有研究表明,在徒手格斗时,左撇子可能比大多数右撇子占优势。


敲黑板,今天的总结:

hour hand 时针

old hand 老手,富有经验的人

left-hand 左侧的,左边的

right-hand man(尤指工作上的)得力助手,左膀右臂

a safe pair of hands 信得过的人

hand in glove 密切合作(常指干坏事),相勾结

free hand自由决定权,自主权

glad-hand(常指出于某种目的)热烈欢迎(或招呼、接待)

hand-me-down(别人穿过的)旧衣服

hand-to-mouth仅够糊口,勉强度日

hand-to-hand 近身肉搏的;直接交手的